Hydrothermal synthesis of B, S, and N-doped carbon quantum dots for colorimetric sensing of heavy metal ions.

In this study, glucose was used as the carbon source to synthesize carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and also aimed to synthesize CQDs doped with heteroatoms such as sulphur, nitrogen, and boron to enhance their functionality. The obtained material has been characterized by several techniques. According to FL analysis, the highest peaks for CQD, N-CQD, B-CQD, and S-CQD were determined as 432 nm (ex 350), 425 (ex 350), 430 nm (ex 340 nm), and 436 nm (ex 340 nm), respectively. FTIR spectra showed different characteristic peaks for CQD, and the FTIR results show that CQDs have a unique structure. According to TEM analysis, the morphology of all CQDs was found to be spherical and monodisperse with average sizes in the range of 5-7 nm. The characterization results of CQDs show that the addition of heteroatoms changes the properties of CQDs. The synthesized CQDs were also tested as colorimetric sensors for the detection of heavy metals. It was observed that CQDs detected Fe3+ metal ions, B-CQD and S-CQD detected Fe3+ and Ag+ metal ions, and N-CQDs detected Ca2+ metal ions. Sensor studies were performed for all CQDs and linear plots were obtained against metal concentrations in the range of 0.06-1.23 µM. LOD values for CQD, N-CQD, S-CQD, and B-CQD were calculated as 0.187 µM (Fe3+), 0.391 µM (Ca2+), 0.224 µM (Fe3+)-0.442 µM (Ag+), and 0.182 µM (Fe3+)-0.174 µM (Ag+), respectively. The results show that the addition of B, N, and S atoms to CQDs plays a role in the improvement and modification of colorimetric sensor properties and has the potential to be used in sensor applications for the detection of heavy metals in areas such as the environment and health.

Bi-doped BaBiO3 (x = 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) perovskite oxides by a sol-gel method: comprehensive biological assessment and RhB photodegradation.

The BaBiO3 (BBO) perovskite oxide was prepared via a sol-gel method with different concentrations of Bi nitrate and examined as a photocatalyst for RhB degradation under sunlight, and its antioxidant and antibacterial activities were examined. X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated the formation of a BaBiO3-BaCO3 (BBO-BCO) binary composite. For the degradation of RhB under solar radiation, high photocatalytic activity (73%) was observed. According to the antibacterial activity study, the addition of Bi enhanced the antibacterial activity of the resulting material against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. The Bi%-BBO (Bi 20%) inhibited 96.23% S. aureus. 10% Bi-BBO as an antioxidant agent had the most efficacious IC50 value of 2.50 mg mL-1. These results seem to suggest that BBO-BCO is a promising catalytic material with potential application in the fields of catalysis and medicine.

Colorimetric sensor based on biogenic nanomaterials for high sensitive detection of hydrogen peroxide and multi-metals.

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and heavy metals, which are among the wastes of the industrial sector, become a threat to living things and the environment above certain concentrations. Therefore, the detection of both H2O2 and heavy metals with simple, low-cost, and fast analytical methods has gained great importance. The use of nanoparticles in colorimetric sensor technology for the detection of these analytes provides great advantages. In recent years, green synthesis of nanomaterials with products that can be considered biowaste is among the popular topics. In this study, silver/silver chloride nanoparticles (Ag@AgCl NPs) were synthesized using the green synthesis method as an eco-friendly and cheap method, the green algae extract was used as a reducing agent. The characterization of Ag@AgCl nanoparticles and green algae extract was carried out with several techniques such as Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), UV-Visible spectrometry (UV-Vis), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) methods were used for characterization. According to TEM analysis, the Ag@AgCl NPs typically spherical in form and range in size from 4 to 10 nm, and UV-vis showed the formation of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of the Ag@AgCl between 400 and 450 nm. In addition, its activity as a colorimetric sensor for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and multi-metal detection was evaluated. Interestingly, Ag/AgCl NPs caused different color formations for 3 metals simultaneously in the sensor study for heavy metal detection, and Fe3+, Cu2+, and Cr6+ ions were detected. The R2 values for H2O2, Fe3+, Cu2+, and Cr6+ were 0.9360, 0.9961, 0.9787, and 0.9625 the limit of detection (LOD) was 43.75, 1.69, 3.18, and 5.05 ppb (ng/mL), respectively. It was determined that Ag@AgCl NPs have the potential to be used as a colorimetric sensor for the detection of H2O2 and heavy metals from wastewater.

Photocatalytic investigation of textile dyes and E. coli bacteria from wastewater using Fe3O4@MnO2 heterojunction and investigation for hydrogen generation on NaBH4 hydrolysis.

Various impurities found nowadays in water can be detrimental to human health. This work focused on utilizing Fe3O4@MnO2 nanocomposite for cleaning organic contaminants from water, including rhodamine B (RhB) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Analysis methods such as XRD, UV-vis, TEM, and FTIR were used to describe the nanocomposite. The results showed that the developed nanocomposite has good photocatalytic activity against pollutants in wastewater. The E. coli was destroyed after 90 min, and the RhB photodegradation rate was 75%. Moreover, the Fe3O4@MnO2 efficiency as a catalyst for producing hydrogen as an alternative energy source was tested. According to the calculations, the nanomaterial's turnover frequency, activation energy, enthalpy, and entropy are 1061.3 h-1, 28.93 kJ/mol, 26.38 kJ/mol, and -128.41 J/mol.K, respectively. Four reusability tests were completed, and the average reusability was 78%. The obtained data indicated the excellent potential for the developed Fe3O4@MnO2 nanomaterial to act as an adsorbent, thus representing an alternative to the classical depollution methods. This study showed that nanoparticles have a photocatalytic effect against pathogenic bacteria and RhB azo dye in polluted waters and offer an effective catalytic activity to produce hydrogen as an alternative energy source.

One-step synthesized biogenic nanoparticles using Linum usitatissimum: Application of sun-light photocatalytic, biological activity and electrochemical H2O2 sensor.

This study aimed to synthesize Ag NPs as a green catalyst for photocatalytic activity and to examine their biological activities. It was determined that they have high activity in catalytic and biological activities. The green synthesis which is an environmentally friendly and inexpensive method was used to synthesize Ag-NPs using Linum usitatissimum as a reducing agent. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), infrared to Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the Ag NPs. In UV-Vis examination, Ag-NPs had intense peaks in the 435 nm region. The antibacterial activity of Ag NPs was investigated, and Ag NPs showed a high lethal effect against S. aureus, E. coli, B. subtilis, and MRSA. In addition, Ag NPs were tested for anticancer activity against the HT-29 colon cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line, healthy cell line L929-Murine Fibroblast cell Lines, and MIA PaCa-2 human pancreatic cancer cell line at various concentrations (1-160 µg/mL) and showed a high anticancerogenic properties against MDA-MB-231 cells. Ag NPs showed the ability of DNA cleavage activity. Also, the antioxidant activity of Ag NPs against DPPH was found to be 80% approximately. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity of Ag NPs against methylene blue (MB) was determined to be 67.13% at the 180th min. In addition, it was observed that biogenic Ag NPs have high electrocatalytic activity for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) detection. In the sensor based on Ag NPs, linearity from 1 µM to 5 µM was observed with a detection limit (LOD) of 1.323 µM for H2O2. According to these results, we conclude that the biogenic Ag NPs synthesized using Linum usitatissimum extract can be developed as an efficient biological agent as an antibacterial and anticancer also can be used as a photocatalyst for industrial wastewater treatment to prevent wastewater pollution.

Efficient green photocatalyst of silver-based palladium nanoparticles for methyle orange photodegradation, investigation of lipid peroxidation inhibition, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity.

Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary study that has been developing worldwide in recent years and has a serious impact on human life. The fact that the nanoparticles of plant origin are clean, non-toxic, and biocompatible has enabled new fields of study. The Hibiscus sabdariffa (H. sabdariffa) plant has been attracted by scientists because of its impact on health and many other areas. The lipid peroxidation inhibiting activity, antioxidant properties, and antimicrobial properties of H. sabdariffa plant with Ag-Pd metal was ditermined. For the total phenolic component, gallic acid was used as the standard and quarcetin was used for the total flavonoid. The lipid peroxidation inhibition activity of Ag-Pd NPs in ethanol extract was found to be very well compared to the positive control (BHA). The lowest and highest concentrations of DPPH radical scavenging activity were 82.178-97.357%, whereas for BHA these values were found to be 84.142-94.142%. The highest concentration of Ag-Pd NPs at 200 µg/mL the DPPH radical quenching activity was higher than BHA. Ag-Pd NPs showed a good antimicrobial activity against certain pathogenic microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, which are the causative agents of various diseases in humans. The photodegradation activity of Ag-Pd NPs also investigated against Methyl orange dye (MO) under sunlight irradiation for 120 min and was found to be as 67.88.

An ultra-sensitive rifampicin electrochemical sensor based on Fe3O4 nanoparticles anchored Multiwalled Carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrode.

This study aimed to guide future sensor studies against other pharmaceutical drugs by synthesizing Fe3O4NPs@MWCNT metallic nanoparticles (NPs). Side damage caused by excessive accumulation of tuberculosis drugs in the body can cause clots in the organs, and cause serious damage such as heart attack and respiratory failure, and threaten human life. Therefore, the development of sensors sensitive to various antibiotics in this study is important for human health. In this study, the sensitivity of Fe3O4 NPs to tuberculosis drug (rifampicin) was evaluated by catalytic reaction using bare/GCE, MWCNT/GCE, and Fe3O4NPs@MWCNT/GCE electrodes. First of all, Fe3O4 NPs were successfully synthesized for the study and MWCNT/GCE and Fe3O4 NPs@MWCNT/GCE electrodes were formed with the modification of the MWCNT support material. It was observed that the Fe3O4 NPs@MWCNT/GCE electrode gave the highest signal against the other electrodes. The morphological structure of Fe3O4 NPs was determined by various characterization techniques such as Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transmission Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), and X-ray differential (XRD) and the obtained NPs were used for sensor studies, and it was observed that the current intensity increased as the scanning speed of each electrode increased in CV and DPV measurements. The average size of Fe3O4 NPs was found to be 7.32 ± 3.2 nm. Anodic current peaks occurred in the linear range of 2-25 µM. According to the results obtained from the measurements, the limit of detection (LOD) value was calculated as 0.64 µM limit of quantification (LOQ) 1.92 µM.

Facile synthesis of biogenic palladium nanoparticles using biomass strategy and application as photocatalyst degradation for textile dye pollutants and their in-vitro antimicrobial activity.

Among biological applications, plant-mediated Pd NPs for multi-drug resistance (MDR) developed in pathogenic bacteria were synthesized with the help of biomass of lemon peel, a biological material, with a non-toxic, environmentally friendly, human-nature green synthesis method. Characterization of synthesized Pd NPs was carried out by UV-Vis spectrometry, Transmissive Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. According to TEM analysis, Pd NPs were confirmed to be in a spherical shape and the mean particle size was determined to be 4.11 nm. The crystal structure of Pd NPs was checked using XRD analysis and the mean particle size was observed to be 6.72 nm. Besides, the antibacterial activity of Pd NPs was determined against Escherichia coli (E. coli) (ATCC 8739), Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis ATCC 6633), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus ATCC 6538), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae ATCC 11296) and Serratia marcescens (S. marcescens ATCC) bacteria. Antibacterial activity was determined to be high in Pd NPs which is in conformance with the results acquired. The Pd NPs showed good photocatalytic activity, after 90 min illumination, about 81.55% and 68.45% of MB and MO respectively were catalysed by the Pd NPs catalyst, and 74.50% of RhB dyes were removed at 120 min of illumination. Within the scope of this project, it is recommended to use Pd NPs obtained by the green synthesis in the future as an antibacterial agent in biomedical use and for the cleaning of polluted waters.

Phyto-mediated synthesis of nanoparticles and their applications on hydrogen generation on NaBH4, biological activities and photodegradation on azo dyes: Development of machine learning model.

This work reports the synthesis of the silver-platinum bimetallic nanoparticles (N@Pt-Ag BNPs) reduced by an ethanolic extract of black seed (Nigella sativa, N) using the green synthesis method, these nanoparticles show a great antibacterial, anticancer, and catalytic activity. The characterization of physicochemical properties of Ag-Pt BNP was carried out using UV-visible spectroscopy (Uv-vis), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis. The structural morphology shows that the N@Pt-Ag BNPs are spherical particles with a diameter of 5.6 nm. The cytotoxic effects of N@Pt-Ag BNPs were examined by MTT test in human breast cancer, human colon cancer, human pancreatic cancer, L929-Murine fibroblast cells. N@Pt-Ag BNPs have been observed to be much more effective in breast cancer cell lines. The cytotoxic effect of N@Pt-Ag BNPs against healthy L929-murine fibroblast cell lines was not observed. Also, high antibacterial activity on each of the bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli), Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), where we note that most strains of E. coli and S. aureus were damaged with a 73% percentage, 67% bacterial inhibition respectively. The results of the catalytic activities of N@Pt-Ag BNPs were obtained by performing the hydrolysis experiments of sodium borohydride (NaBH4). According to the results obtained, TOF, enthalpy, entropy, and activation energy, values were found to be 2497.14 h-1, 13.52 kJ/mol, -137.47 J/mol.K, 16.02 kJ/mol, respectively. N@Pt-Ag BNPs were found to be highly effective catalysts for hydrogen production which this was also confirmed by the machine learning model. The photocatalytic activity of N@Pt-Ag BNPs was tested against methylene blue (MB) dye and the highest activity was found as 80%.

Development of electrochemical aptasensors detecting phosphate ions on TMB substrate with epoxy-based mesoporous silica nanoparticles.

This study, it is aimed to develop an electrochemical aptasensor that can detect phosphate ions using 3.3'5.5' tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). It is based on the principle of converting the binding affinity of the target molecule phosphate ion (PO43-) into an electrochemical signal with specific aptamer sequences for the aptasensor to be developed. The aptamer structure served as a gate for the TMB to be released and was used to trap the TMB molecule in mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs). The samples for this study were characterized by transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM), Brunner-Emmet-Teller, dynamic light scattering&electrophoretic light scattering, and induction coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. According to TEM analysis, MSNPs have a morphologically hexagonal structure and an average size of 208 nm. In this study, palladium-carbon nanoparticles (Pd/C NPs) with catalytic reaction were used as an alternative to the biologically used horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme for the release of TMB in the presence of phosphate ions. The limit of detection (LOD) was calculated as 0.983 µM, the limit of determination (LOQ) was calculated as 3.276 µM, and the dynamic linear phosphate range was found to be 50-1000 µM. The most important advantage of this bio-based aptasensor assembly is that it does not contain molecules such as a protein that cannot be stored for a long time at room temperature, so its shelf life is very long compared to similar systems developed with antibodies. The proposed sensor shows good recovery in phosphate ion detection and is considered to have great potential among electrochemical sensors.

An environmental approach for the photodegradation of toxic pollutants from wastewater using Pt-Pd nanoparticles: Antioxidant, antibacterial and lipid peroxidation inhibition applications.

BACKGROUND: Green synthesis is an effective and friendly method for the environment, especially in recent years has been used in many areas. It finds application opportunities in many fields such as physics, chemistry, electronics, food, and especially health and is the subject of intensive studies in this field. OBJECTIVES: The synthesized Pt-Pd NPs were aimed to be used as a bio-based photocatalyst under sunlight to prevent wastewater pollution. In addition, it is aimed to use Pt-Pd NPs as biological agents in different applications in the future. METHODS: In this study, the platinum-palladium nanoparticles were synthesized by the extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa, the characterization of the nanoparticles was carried out by different methods (ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), infrared transform spectroscopy atomic force microscopy (AFM), and ray diffraction (XRD) analysis). And we discussed several different parameters related to human health by obtaining platinum-palladium bimetallic nanoparticles (Pt-Pd NPs) with a green synthesis method. These parameters are antioxidant properties (total phenolic, flavonoid, and DPPH scavenging activity), antibacterial activity, and lipid peroxidation inhibition activity. Gallic acid was used as standard phenolic, and quercetin was used as standard flavonoid reagents. The newly synthesized Hibiscus sabdariffa mediated green synthesized Pt-Pd NPs were compared with gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, the high antibacterial activity was shown by gram-positive bacteria. The photodegradation of Pt-Pd NPs was carried out against MB dye for 180 min. RESULTS: TEM results show that the average size of Pt-Pd NPs is around 4.40 nm. The total amount of phenolic compounds contained in 0.2 mg/ml of Pt-Pd NPs was equivalent to 14.962 ± 7.890 µg/ml gallic acid and the total amount of flavonoid component was found to be equal to 28.9986 ± 0.204 µg/ml quercetin. Hibiscus sabdariffa mediated green synthesized Pt-Pd NPs was found to have very effective for lipid peroxidation inhibition activity in the FeCl2-H2O2 system. The maximum DPPH scavenging activity was determined as 97.35% at 200 µg/ml. The photocatalytic activity of Pt-Pd NPs was analysed against Methylene blue (MB) and the maximum degradation percentage was observed to be 83.46% at 180 min. CONCLUSIONS: The biogenic Pt-Pd NPs showed a high effective photocatalytic and biological activity.

Biosynthesis of Ag-Pt bimetallic nanoparticles using propolis extract: Antibacterial effects and catalytic activity on NaBH4 hydrolysis.

The critical environmental issues of antibiotic resistance and renewable energies supply urge researching materials synthesis and catalyst activity on hydrogen production processes. Aiming to analyse the antibacterial effect of platinum-silver (Ag-Pt) nanoparticles (NPs) and the catalyst effect on NaBH4 hydrolysis that can be used for hydrogen generation technology, in this work, Ag-Pt NPs were prepared using aqueous propolis extract. Various methods were used for the characterization (Uv-vis Spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD)). The antimicrobial activity of Ag-Pt bimetallic nanoparticles was evaluated in vitro by the microdilution method against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Serratia marcescens. The results confirmed the antimicrobial activity of bimetallic NPs Ag-Pt concentrations of (25, 50, and 100 µg/ml). A concentration of 100 µg/ml showed low bacterial viability varying between 22.58% and 29.67% for the six tested bacteria. For the catalyst activity on NaBH4 hydrolysis, the results showed high turnover factor (TOF) and low activation energy of 1208.57 h-1 and 25.61 kJ/mol, respectively, with high hydrogen yield under low temperature. Synthesized Ag-Pt NPs can have great potential for biological and hydrogen storage applications.

Electro-catalytic amplified sensor for determination of N-acetylcysteine in the presence of theophylline confirmed by experimental coupled theoretical investigation.

The 1,l/-bis(2-phenylethan-1-ol)ferrocene, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluoro phosphate (BMPF6) and NiO-SWCNTs were used to modify carbon paste electrode (BPOFc/BMPF6/NiO-SWCNTs/CPE), which could act as an electro-catalytic tool for the analysis of N-acetylcysteine in this work. The BPOFc/BMPF6/NiO-SWCNTs/CPE with high electrical conductivity showed two completely separate signals with oxidation potentials of 432 and 970 mV for the first time that is sufficient for the determination of N-acetylcysteine in the presence of theophylline. The BPOFc/BMPF6/NiO-SWCNTs/CPE showed linear dynamic ranges of 0.02-300.0 µM and 1.0-350.0 µM with the detection limit of ~ 8.0 nM and 0.6 µM for the measurement of N-acetylcysteine and theophylline, respectively. In the second part, understanding the nature of interaction, quantum conductance modulation, electronic properties, charge density, and adsorption behavior of N-acetylcysteine on NiO-SWCNTs surface from first-principle studies through the use of theoretical investigation is vital for designing high-performance sensor materials. The N-acetylcysteine molecule was chemisorbed on the NiO-SWCNTs surface by suitable adsorption energies (- 1.102 to - 5.042 eV) and reasonable charge transfer between N-acetylcysteine and NiO-SWCNTs.

A new nickel-based co-crystal complex electrocatalyst amplified by NiO dope Pt nanostructure hybrid; a highly sensitive approach for determination of cysteamine in the presence of serotonin.

A highly sensitive electrocatalytic sensor was designed and fabricated by the incorporation of NiO dope Pt nanostructure hybrid (NiO-Pt-H) as conductive mediator, bis (1,10 phenanthroline) (1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione) nickel(II) hexafluorophosphate (B,1,10,P,1,10, PDNiPF6), and electrocatalyst into carbon paste electrode (CPE) matrix for the determination of cysteamine. The NiO-Pt-H was synthesized by one-pot synthesis strategy and characterized by XRD, elemental mapping analysis (MAP), and FESEM methods. The characterization data, which confirmed good purity and spherical shape with a diameter of ⁓ 30.64 nm for the synthesized NiO-Pt-H. NiO-Pt-H/B,1,10, P,1,10, PDNiPF6/CPE, showed an excellent catalytic activity and was used as a powerful tool for the determination of cysteamine in the presence of serotonin. The NiO-Pt-H/B,1,10, P,1,10, PDNiPF6/CPE was able to solve the overlap problem of the two drug signals and was used for the determination of cysteamine and serotonin in concentration ranges of 0.003-200 µM and 0.5-260 µM with detection limits of 0.5 nM and 0.1 µM, using square wave voltammetric method, respectively. The NiO-Pt-H/B,1,10,P,1,10,PDNiPF6/CPE showed a high-performance ability for the determination of cysteamine and serotonin in the drug and pharmaceutical serum samples with the recovery data of 98.1-103.06%.

Resistance, removal, and bioaccumulation of Ni (II) and Co (II) and their impacts on antioxidant enzymes of Anoxybacillus mongoliensis.

In this study, it was hypothesis that A. mongoliensis could be used as bioindicator for Ni (II) and Co (II). Thus, Ni (II) and Co (II) resistance, removal, bioaccumulation, and the impacts of them on antioxidant enzyme systems of thermophilic Anoxybacillus mongoliensis were investigated in details. The bioaccumulation of Ni (II) and Co (II) on the cell membrane of thermophilic A. mongoliensis, variations on surface macrostructure and functionality by FT-IR and SEM, and determination of antioxidant enzyme activities were also tested. The highest bioaccumulation values of Co (II) and Ni (II) were detected as 102.0 mg metal/g of dry bacteria at 10 mg/L for the 12th h and 90.4 mg metal/g of dry bacteria for the 24th h, respectively, and the highest Ni (II) and Co (II) cell membrane bioaccumulation capacities of A. mongoliensis were determined as 268.5 and 274.9 mg metal/g wet membrane, respectively at the 24th h. In addition, increasing on SOD and CAT activities were observed on depend of concentration of Ni (II) and Co (II) with respect to control. The antioxidant enzyme activity results also indicated that A. mongoliensis might be used as a bioindicator for Ni (II) and Co (II) pollution in environmental water specimens.

Biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Rheum ribes and evaluation of their anticarcinogenic and antimicrobial potential: A novel approach in phytonanotechnology.

This paper reports the anticarcinogenic and antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) obtained by green synthesis using the extract of Rheum ribes (R. ribes), a medicinal plant. For the synthesis of Ag NPs, the ethanolic extracts of R. ribes were used as a reducing as well as the stabilizing agent. For the characterization of Ag NPs, advanced analytical methods such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV-vis spectrophotometry were performed. The synthesized Ag NPs obtained from R. ribes were evaluated as a cytotoxic agent against MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cell line. The IC50 values of the nanoparticles were ranged from 165 to 99 µg/mL against MDA-MB 231 cell line for 24 h and 48 h, respectively. The results show that the use of Ag NPs at low concentrations show the toxic effect in the cancer cells. In addition, the results of experiments on gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis)) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli (E. coli)) bacteria showed that the Ag NPs had high antimicrobial activity. The results suggest that Ag NPs can be developed as potential anticancer and antibacterial agents.

Biogenic platinum nanoparticles using black cumin seed and their potential usage as antimicrobial and anticancer agent.

Herein, the biogenic platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) were synthesized by using black cumin seed (Nigella sativa L.) extract as a reducing agent. The biogenic platinum nanoparticles synthesized by black cumin seed extract was characterized in detail by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), UV-vis spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). According to TEM analysis, Pt nanoparticles have spherical shapes and sizes between 1-6 nm. Moreover, the biogenic Pt NPs was assessed for its cytotoxicity effect on MDA-MB-231 breast and HeLa cervical cancer lines and their antibacterial effect against selected strains of gram-positive and negative bacteria. The cytotoxicity and bacterial tests showed the effectiveness of biogenic Pt nanoparticles. Dose-dependent toxicity effects were shown in the MDA-MB-231 breast and HeLa cervical cancer lines (IC50: 36.86 µg/mL and 19.83 µg/mL, respectively). In addition, Pt NPs showed high zone diameters against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria at concentrations of 100 and 500 µg/ml. These results contribute to the development of the pharmaceutical industry as a potential antibacterial and anticancer agent.